The Global Plan of Action (GPA) represents an important contribution to the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity in the field of food and agriculture (Oman ratified it through the Royal Decree 119/94 in 1994). The Plan is one of the supporting components of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (Oman accessed the Treaty on 14 July 2004). The Plan main objectives are (i) to ensure the conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) as a basis for food security, (ii) to promote sustainable utilization of PGRFA in order to foster development and to reduce hunger and poverty, (iii) to promote a fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of PGRFA, (iv) to assist countries and institutions responsible for conserving and using PGRFA to identify priorities for action, and (v) to strengthen national, regional and international programmes for the conservation and utilization of PGRFA, including education and training. To meet these objectives 20 priority activity areas are included in the GPA organized into four groups: In Situ Conservation and Development, Ex Situ Conservation, Utilization of Plant Genetic Resources, and Institutions and Capacity Building.